Spindle for textile mill use



Aug. 24, 1948. H. GLlTz ETAL SPINDLES FOR TEXTILE MILL USE Filed nay 9, 1945 3 a d W LNVW L MM l l im f u. WTE 4 CH lAu BM/ RR EM. HC f Patented Aug. 24, 1948 2,447,854 SPINDLE FOR TEXTILE USE Herbert Gleitz, Euclid, and Charles E. Miller, East Cleveland, Ohio, assignors to The Marquette Metal Products Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation of Ohio Application May 9, 1945, Serial No. 592,868

6 Claims. 1

Another object is to provide a textile mill spindle blade, different portions of which may be made inexpensively from materials respectively best suited to the service performed by said portions.

A further object is to provide a spindle blade which, although made in sections secured together end to end, is not subject to warping or bending and consequent wobble when in use.

A further object is to provide a whorl for a spindle blade which will be light in construction and capable of being produced at low price in quantity production and ln various designs necessary to meet the varied requirements ofthe textile industry. y

Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent from'the description of the preierred procedures and constructions illustrated in the drawings, in which Fig. l is a fragmentary longitudinal central sectional assembly view showing one form of textile mill spindle;

Fig. 2 is a side view of a lower portion of a spindle blade formed separately from a compan ion or complementary section similarly illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary central sectional and elevational view of adjacent portions of the blade made according to Figs. 2 and'3 when the sections are assembled, and

Fig. 511s a fragmentary central sectional view showing a different manner of connecting two sections comprising a spindle'blade and showing also a modified form of whorl.

Referring to Fig. 1 a bolster case I is shown provided with a rigid mounting flange or collar 2 adapted to be secured against the usual spindle rail, diagrammatically indicated at I, as by a nut 4 engaging threads 5 formed on the bolster case. The usual washer is shown at 6. The' ilange or collar 2 is preferably made separate vfrom the bolster case but rigidly secured thereto so that the (Cl. 57-135) I f 2 bolster case may be formed economically from tube stock. The flange 2 may be made from separate sections 2a and 2b in accordance with the i copending application of Herbert Gleitz, Charles 5 E. Miller and Paul I. Thyreen, Serial No. 589,010, -illed April 18, 1945 now Patent 2,417,485 issued March 18, 1947. A whorl hook H is mounted by the flange 2 so as `to swing over the usual lower flange of the whorl and outwardly from the bolster to clear such whorl ilange.

The bolster case has a bolster-bearing-supporting tubular portion 'I extending above the ange 2 and adapted to carry an anti-friction bearing -assembly l0 preferably made substantially in accordance with U. S. Patent 2,351,951, issued. June 20, 1944 to Herbert Gleitz or according to the application just mentioned. The hollow interior of the bolster case is shouldered as at Il to support the bearing assembly and below the shoulder is a decreased diameter bore or socket i2 which is closed at the bottom as by a plug I3 secured rigid- V ly into the lower end of the bolster case for example as described in said application.

Resting on the plug I3 and supported for limited lateral lloating movement is a footstep bearing assembly including a hollow `body Il which as-` sembly is preferably made substantially as shown in said Gleitz patent. The footstep bearing has a floating key connection with the supporting plug I3 formed as by mutually engaged tongue and slot portions I5 and I6 on the4v plug and footstep body respectively. The main body of the footstep is resiliently centered in the bore or socket I2 of the bolster case by three or more outwardly spring pressed buttons or caps Il supported for radial movement in the body I4 and bearing on the inner wall of the bolster case.

The spindlev blade 20 shown in Fig. 1 comprises a larger diameter portion 2l, which vis press or shrink tted into the hub 22 of the whorl 25, said hub being made, as hereinafter described, as a separate part of the whorl assembly from the belt receiving or barrel portion 23 of the whorl. Usually the largest diameter portion of the blade is connected to the whorl, as isthe large diameter portion 2| of the blade as illustrated. The blade is tapered upwardly from the, portion 2l or reduced more or lless gradually in cross section to facilitate connection of a bobbin or spool to the blade. The taper usually wedgingly fits the axial hole in the bobbin. Below the whorl-connection portion 2| the blade is tapered or reduced in cross section more or less gradually for enabling the blade to make appropriate connections with the bolster and footstep bearings I0 and H such as described above and in any event contained in the and the further reduced diameter portions 28,

bolster case. The taper of the lower end of the ster case through an oil fitting such as illustrated at O in the iiange 2. 'I'he downward reduction in cross section of the blade also enables the blade assembly to be easily removed from the bolster case at any time and replaced therein. The above characteristics are common in textile spindles. A

The blades such as shown aresometimes as much as thirty inches long and the longer the blade the more diicult it is to machine regardless of taper and/or reductions in diameter in opposite directions. The simplest known production method by which to make circular elongated parts is by turning from bar stock on an automatic screw machine but that method so far as we know has not been used to make spindle blades because in a spindle blade whichis tapered or reduced in section toward opposite ends from a generally central point only one of the tapers or reduced portions could be formed except by employment of difficult, if not wholly impractical, side cutting operations to form one oi the tapers or reductions in one direction. One taper or series of reductions can be formed on a screw machine and if the piece is relatively short that of bar stock and the necessary tapers and reductions in diameter are obtained by centerless grinding. Ii such a method has to be used it is apparent that it is no more costly so to form both ends of a spindle blade, each reduced or tapered by the same operation, since both ends can be reduced or tapered at once by the use of appropriately shaped grinding wheels.

The larger diameter portion 2| of the blade is, as shown, part of an upper section 2B of the blade as preferably formed and as shown particularly by Fig. 3. .Said upper section is tapered at 21 from a point just above the whorl hub to nearly the upper end of said section where the blade has the usual reduced cylindrical portion 28 adapted to receive as a pilot support the top opening of the bobbin or spool, hereinafter, for convenience, bobbin. A driving connection between the blade and the bobbin (or an adapter for the bobbin) may be formed betweenthe whorl hub and the bobbin or adapter. In Fig. 1 the top end of the whorl hub 22 is cross slotted as at 23 to provide such driving connection to 33 and 34 could not all be made on an automatic screw machine, partly because of the difficulty in side cutting of a long section of stock extending from the chuck or collet of the machine tool and partly becausev the farther. the machined piece extends from the supporting chuck or collet, the greater is the tendency for the piece to whip and cause defective cutting. For further illustration, it will be seen that if the blade, assuming it is one piece, is supported in the machine tool at the part which is to become the up 28 could not be so formed at least as a practical matter in' high production because side cutting or turning operations are diiiicult and tend to defeat the primary objectives in using automatic screw machines, i. e. reduction in cost and obtaining high quantity per machine.

By making the blade in sections as indicated by Figs. 2 and 3 and advancing the stock in the direction of the arrows B and C (Figs. 2 and 3, respectively) in forming the respective sections, all of the surfaces can be formed practically to size requiring additionally only finish grinding or light precision finishing operations, e. g. after heat treatment. to relieve stress and/or to harden as in the case of the portions 3|, 33 and 34. The

section 30 of Fig. 2 when so formed has one side cutting operation to be performed on it, namely the making of a pilot portion 35 of reduced diameter relative to the bearing engaging portion 3|, which pilot-forming reduction at 35 can be effected just prior to cutting off of thestock as at 3B. The external surfaces of thesection 26 of Fig. 3 can all be formed with ilnal finish 0n a screw machine including the cut-oil end 31.

the bobbin. The lower or bearing engaging portion of the blade shown as comprised by the separate blade section 30 of Fig. 2 includes a cylindrical precision ilnlshed portion 3| below the whorl hub and extending through the bolster lbearing assembly Ill for direct engagement for example by rollers I0' of said assembly. A tapered portion 32 below the cylindrical portion terminates in more steeply tapered portions 33 and 34, which mate with complementary socket portions of the footstep as usual. scribed above can be greatly modied.

It will be seen from inspection of F18. 1 vthat if the blade 20 were one piece, as usually is the All the 'characteristics de- Subsequently, the section 21 is suitably mounted in a chuck or collet and the socket 38 for receiving the pilot portion 35 is formed to suitable depth and accurately centered in the large end of the piece. After complete formation of the two sections 26 and 30, and with the pilot portion '35 of the section 30 made of slightly greater diameter than that of the socket 38, the two sections are assembled as by vshrink or press tting into the relationship shown by Fig. 4. SuchI method of joining theparts and without requiring any further operation, is adequate to preserve alignment of the sections and produce a spindle blade which, for all practical purposes, is the same as the usual single piece blade, but in view of the circumstances already described, it is much less expensive than a single piece blade and particularly if relatively long. Preferably the socket 33 is made sulciently deep to allow space for insertion of a wafer or ring of brazing material such as a coil of copper wire 40, Fig. 4,' which y melting brazing material such as requiring around 2100 F. and higher. causes fusion of the connected parts together and the brazing metal penetrates the innitesi.

Such brazing mal spaces remaining between the assembled parts when pressor shrink fitted together to cause such effective fusion of the mated parts.

If the sections 26 and 30 have been joined by brazing as indicated above then usually the bearing surface engaging portions 3 l, 33 and 34 require subsequent hardening and precision finish as by grinding. The blade assembly, before attachment of the whorl is heat treated and drawn and'then the bearing engaging surfaces are ground or reflnished to final size by grinding as may be required. If, however, the sections are merely shrink or press tted together at the pilot and socket joint 35, 38 then it will be apparent that the final surfacing accurately to-size and finish may have already been effected on the lower section of the blade as at 3|, 33 and 34 and on the upper section wherever required. Usually the length and size of the spindle determines which specific method is to be used since a longer and heavier spindle blade requires a more permanent or stronger joint between the sections, because the larger spindles have to carry greater loads.

I-t should be borne in mind that the bearing Iengaging portions such as 3| 33 and 34 of the blade should be made extremely hard to resist wear without rendering the stock intermediate. the bearing portions, for example the tapered portion 32 of the blade section 3i! or 30a, either bendable in service or brittle. The lower blade section in a two section blade such as illustrated may be heat treated in an induction furnace, either before or after assembly with the cooperating blade section, and only the bearing engaging portions 3|, 33 and 34 subject to local heating as by spaced coils in the induction furnace 'to the critical temperature, then quenched at the proper temperature for the particular steel that is used and then drawn to relieve the stress in the steel all in the same operation and without removing the section from the furnace. The lower blade section 30 is advantageously tool steel, for instance .90 to .100 carbon. The steel is heated to, for instance, 1425 C. to get above the criticaltemperature.' It is then quenched t-o harden it and then the temperature is brought up to around 250 F. to draw the metal. From the drawing temperature the blade can be quenched or cooled slowly as may be desired.

When the blade sections are brazed together as in the preferred pilot `and socket construction described, the assembled sections with the brazing material 40 are fed through a non-oxidizing atmosphere furnace which heats the metal to approximately 2025" to 2200 F. and after passing through the heating chamber of the furnace the blade assemblies pass to a cooling chamber which may or may not contain a non-oxidizing atmosphere but which can, without special expense, reduce the temperature of the blade assemblies sumciently rapidly to avoid annealing or softening of the bearing engaging surface portions 3l,-

33 and 34. The final finish surfacing for engagement with the bearings can be performed on the blade before the brazing is done. Usually, however, it is advantageous to effect the nal finish grinding later. I

The whorl construction shown by Figs. 1 and 5 comprises the separate hub-forming and bandengaging parts 22 and 23 previously referred to. The hub porti-on 22 comprises simply a screw machine formed part. say of lowcarbon steel, having a reduced diameter4 portion 43 turned thereon adjacent a shoulder 44. The barrel part 23 is preferably a section of seamless tubing in. the form of va sleeve which may be expanded as at 43 in suitable dies .to form an upper band guide and similarly expanded or flanged as at 41, shown slightly cupped, to form the lower band guide 5 and whorl hook engaging flange. The top of the tube is complementary to the turned surface 43 of the hub member 22, that is to say of proper diameter so as to be shrink or press fitted thereover. The bulged-surf-ace portion 48 on the sleeve is for the purpose of centering the band and said surface portion, when required or desired, may be formed as byexpanding dies simultaneously wit-h forrn'ationfof the expanded portions 46 and 41 orllater. yIn some spindles no such barrel shaped portion or upper band guide is necessary. Fig. 5 shows at 25a a whorl made in accordance with the above description but wherein the entire band engaging part 23a is cylindrical except for a lower flange 41a which latter can be formed by any suitable flanging or upsetting operation as well known in the metal working art'. Note that the shoulder 44 is ,omitted from the construction according to Fig. 5 which further reduces cost.`

The method of makingthe blade and whorl as- 25 sembly according -to Figs. 1 to 41s preferred principally for fairly heavy Ispindle constructions, whereas the arrangement according to Fig. 5 is more adaptable to light weight spindle constructions. The reason for the preference is that when the socket 38 "is formed in the upper blade section of a small size blade, the wall which defines the socket is necessarily less rigid than desired in or der that the pilot portion of the lower blade section may be made bf a size insuring adequate strength. Thus whilev the heavy hub 22 of the whorl reinforces the light Weight wall defining the socket in the upper blade section when the whorl is pressed or shrunk onto the assembled blade, a stronger light weight blade and whorl assembly can be vmade according to Fig. 5, wherei neither blade section is socketed.

To secure the two part-s of the whorl together i vinto a rigid wh-orl unit a` groove is formed as at 49 or 49a in Figs. 1 and 5, respectively, for receiving brazing material preferably cut from brazing wire and formed into a loop or ring. The assembled parts are brazed under sufficient temperature to fuse the brazing material and cause i-t to flow along the complementary surfaces of the parts in both directions from the groove.

Fig. 5 also shows a modification of the sectional blade arrangement -hereinbefore described comprising butt Welding of the upper and lower sections of the blade as at 50. The butt welding is done preferably electrically and, after removal of the flash, the bearing engaging surfaces 3ia and the tapered surfaces at the bottom portion of the blade (not shown) are all finally finished prior to assembly of the blade into the whorl hub as-by press or vshrink fitting. The joint, in case of butt welding of two blade sections, as indicated by Fig. 5, is located between the ends` of the bore of the whorl hub and that position wherein the joint 50 is telescoped by the hub is preferred regardless of the particular` form or type of whorl which may be used, vsince the whorl thereby cooperates in holding the blade sections in alignment. In very long blades which may be made by more than two welded joints such asili, both joints may lie outside the whorl hub. The blade such as shown by Fig 5 cannot effectively be braze-connected to the whorl or the two sections 26a and 30a brazed together in the hub of the whorl because if the brazing heat by removal of 7 y the spindle or draw the temper of the bearingsome radically different materials well adapted to servefor example as the top'section ofthe blade but' not for the bottom section and vicev versa, cannot easily oreconomically be welded.'

It is dilcult to weld stainless stock such as is.

highly desirable for the upper blade section in order to resist the corrosive eiiects of water often present in the thread wound on the bobbin, to tool steel such as admirably suited to use for the lower blade section. Brazing of a stainless steel uppersection to a lower sectionof tool steel is a very simple matter and both types of metal mentioned will withstand the necessary brazing heat and ensuing reduction of temperatures as described without deterioration.

We claim:

1. A textile mill spindle bladel comprising two metal sections each of decreased diameter toward one end, the opposite vend of one of the sections having a socket and the opposite end of the other section occupying the socket, and held thereby through permanent stress in the metal of the wall of the socket.

2. A blade for a textile mill spindle comprising elongated metal parts of circular cross section, one of said parts having a socket and the other of said parts having a projection snugly occupying the socket and joined thereto by fused metal and a shoulder adjacent the projection abutting the adjacent end of the socketed section.

3. A blade for a textile mill spindle comprising two elongated metal parts of circular cross section, one of said parts having an axial socket and the other of said parts having an axially extending reduced diameter portion snugly occupying the socket, the projection being shorter than the depth of the socket whereby to provide space to accommodate brazing material between the sections and within the'socket for fusing the two parts together, said projection and socket being fused together by brazing material in said space. 4. A textile spindle blade and whorl assembly comprising two blade forming sections, one hav.

ing a terminal socket and the other a terminal portion snugly occupying the socket and a whorl ,having a hub portion with a central through bore, said hub snugly embracing the socketed tubular section portion in .permanently strained reinforcing relation to the defining wall of the y socket.

5. A textile spindle blade and whorl assembly comprising two blade forming sections, one having a terminal socket and the other a terminall 6. A blade and whorl assembly for a `textile mill spindle, said assembly comprising a pair of separate ferrous metal blade sections each having a cylindrical portion and a portion tapered in a direction away from said cylindrical portion. the cylindrical portions being permanently integrally connected by fusion of the metal of each section with the metal of the other, and a whorl having a central cylindrical bore telescoping and in strained embracing relationship to both of said cylindrical portions bridging the same at the point .where the sections are fused together, thereby cooperating with the fused metal in holding the sections in permanently aligned and connected relationship.

HERBERT GLEITZ. CHARLES E. MILLER.

f REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the ille of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 127,159 Draper May 28, 1872 135,939 Rice Feb. 18, 1873 234,897 Watties Nov. .30, 1880 306,565 Wattles Oct. 14, 1884 333,822 Bradley Jan. 5, 1886 333,914 Bradley Jan. 5, 1886 410,982 Lees Sept. 10, 1889 803,929 Sharp Nov. 7, 1905 1,338,102 Sheldon Apr. 27, 1920 1,504,812 Carlson s Aug. 12, 1924 1,528,565 Pignal Mar. 3, 1925 1,720,412 Douglas July 9, 1929 1,953,573 Tarr et al Apr. 3. 1934 1,971,117 Mossberg Aug. 21, 1934 2,033,122 Cornell Mar. 10, 1936 2,241,118 Cotchett May 6, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country y Date 750 Great Britain Mar. 1, 1875 2,933 Great Britain Q-- Oct. 4, 1872 8,496 Great Britain Apr. 27, 1893 73,449 Austria Sept. 15, 1916 359,113 Great Britain Oct. 22, 1931 391,754 Great Britain July 28, 1931 458,746 Germany Apr. 20, 1928 

